Lesson Plan

Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Chemistry
Lesson Topic: Define the empirical formula of a compound as the simplest whole number ratio of atoms or ions in a compound
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe what an empirical formula represents.
  • Explain the step‑by‑step method for calculating an empirical formula from mass or percent data.
  • Apply the method to determine empirical formulas for given compounds.
  • Evaluate when the empirical formula is identical to the molecular formula.
  • Solve practice problems using the empirical‑formula procedure.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Scientific calculators
  • Worksheet with practice questions
  • Periodic‑table handout
  • Sample percentage‑composition data sheets
  • Answer key for teacher
Introduction:

Start with a quick hook: “Did you know the nutrition label on your snack tells you the percentage of each element?” Review the mole concept from previous lessons, then state the success criteria – students will be able to calculate an empirical formula from percentage data and explain each step.

Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students convert a 100 g sample’s percentage data to grams on a scrap sheet.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Explain empirical formulas, display a flowchart, and outline the four‑step procedure.
  3. Guided example (15'): Work through the CH₂O example together, students fill in a step‑by‑step worksheet.
  4. Independent practice (15'): Students attempt two practice questions while the teacher circulates for support.
  5. Check for understanding (5'): Exit ticket – write the empirical formula for a new set of percentages.
  6. Summary discussion (5'): Review key points and address common errors.
Conclusion:

Recap the four‑step method and emphasise the importance of rounding and multiplying to obtain whole numbers. Collect exit tickets as a quick retrieval check, and assign a worksheet of three additional empirical‑formula problems for homework.