Lesson Plan

Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: Know that the Sun is a star of medium size, consisting mostly of hydrogen and helium, and that it radiates most of its energy in the infrared, visible light and ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the Sun’s classification, size, mass, and surface temperature.
  • Explain the Sun’s composition and the nuclear fusion process that powers it.
  • Identify the three main regions of the solar radiation spectrum that reach Earth and their approximate energy fractions.
  • Interpret how the Sun’s temperature determines its peak emission and why it appears yellow from Earth.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • PowerPoint/slide presentation on the Sun
  • Handout with key facts and spectrum table
  • Diagram of solar interior (printed or digital)
  • Worksheet for quick checks
  • Spectral filters or coloured cellophane (optional demonstration)
Introduction:
Begin with a striking image of the Sun’s surface and ask students what colour they think a star like our Sun should appear. Recall prior learning about electromagnetic radiation and the concept of black‑body radiation as a hook. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to describe the Sun’s properties, its energy production, and the parts of the spectrum that reach Earth.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5') – Students complete a short quiz on star classifications and previous EM‑spectrum work.
  2. Teacher presentation (10') – Overview of Sun’s size, mass, temperature, and composition using slides and the cross‑section diagram.
  3. Interactive activity (12') – Small groups analyse the spectrum table, calculate the percentage of energy in IR, visible, and UV, then present findings.
  4. Demonstration (8') – Use coloured filters to show why the Sun looks yellow from Earth, linking scattering to colour perception.
  5. Check for understanding (5') – Exit‑ticket where each student writes one fact about the Sun’s energy production and one about its emitted spectrum.
Conclusion:
Summarise that the Sun is a medium‑sized G2V star composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, producing energy through nuclear fusion and emitting most of its power in infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light. Ask a few students to share their exit‑ticket answers to reinforce key points. Assign a brief homework: research another star type and compare its spectrum to the Sun’s.