Lesson Plan

• Describe how demand and supply curves determine equilibrium price and quantity.
• Explain how shifts in demand or supply affect equilibrium outcomes.
• Apply diagrammatic analysis to evaluate the impact of government interventions such as price floors, ceilings, taxes and subsidies.
• Analyse simultaneous shifts in demand and supply and predict the direction of price and quantity changes.
• Interpret real‑world scenarios using demand‑supply diagrams.

• Projector or interactive whiteboard
• Printed worksheets with blank demand‑supply diagram templates
• Graph paper and coloured pens
• Calculator (optional)
• Practice question handouts
• Sticky notes for quick checks

Begin with a quick poll: “What happens to the price of a good when a new technology makes it cheaper to produce?” Connect this to students’ prior knowledge of basic demand‑supply equilibrium. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to draw and interpret diagrams that show how any market condition changes price and quantity.

1. Do‑now (5'): Students complete a short “price‑change” scenario on a sticky note; teacher reviews answers.
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Recap equilibrium and introduce the four types of curve shifts (demand ↑/↓, supply ↑/↓) with quick sketch examples.
3. Guided practice (15'): Whole‑class drawing of demand‑shift and supply‑shift diagrams, labeling P*, Q*, and discussing outcomes.
4. Group activity (15'): Teams receive real‑world case cards (e.g., income rise, tax introduction) and produce a complete diagram on graph paper, then present their analysis.
5. Government intervention demo (10'): Teacher models price floor, ceiling, tax and subsidy effects using projected diagrams; students note the changes.
6. Exit ticket (5'): Each student writes one concise statement predicting the price and quantity change for a given simultaneous shift.

Summarise how each type of market change moves the curves and alters equilibrium, reinforcing the link to resource allocation. Collect exit tickets as a quick check of understanding, and assign homework: complete three additional diagram questions from the textbook, focusing on mixed shifts and government policies.