Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: Use decay equations, using nuclide notation, to show the emission of α-particles, β-particles and γ-radiation
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the three common types of nuclear radiation (α, β, γ) and their effect on atomic and mass numbers.
  • Write balanced decay equations in nuclide notation for α‑decay, β⁻‑decay, β⁺‑decay and γ‑radiation.
  • Apply a step‑by‑step procedure to determine daughter nuclides and emitted particles from a given parent nuclide.
  • Identify and correct common mistakes when constructing decay equations.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • Printed worksheets with decay‑equation practice
  • Nuclide notation cards (parent and daughter)
  • Calculator
  • Whiteboard markers and eraser
  • Optional: simulation software (e.g., PhET Nuclear Decay)
 Introduction:
Begin with a short video of a cloud‑chamber track of an α‑particle, linking to students' prior knowledge of radiation safety. Ask learners to recall how atomic number and mass number change during radioactive decay. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to construct correct decay equations using nuclide notation, and that success will be measured through a brief exit ticket.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students answer a starter question on differences between α, β, γ radiation on mini‑whiteboards.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Review nuclide notation and the changes in A and Z for each radiation type using the projected table.
  3. Guided practice (15'): Work through the step‑by‑step procedure together, writing the α‑decay of ^226_88Ra on the board.
  4. Collaborative activity (15'): In pairs, students use the cards to create decay equations for β⁻‑decay of ^14_6C and β⁺‑decay of ^18_9F, checking balance.
  5. Whole‑class check (5'): Discuss common mistakes highlighted in the source and clarify misconceptions.
  6. Independent practice (10'): Students complete the worksheet questions (four practice items) and self‑check using the answer key.
  7. Exit ticket (5'): Write one balanced decay equation of their choice and note the change in A and Z.
Conclusion:
Summarise how each type of radiation alters the atomic and mass numbers and why γ‑radiation leaves them unchanged. Collect the exit tickets to gauge understanding and address any lingering errors. Assign homework to complete an additional set of decay‑equation problems from the textbook, and remind students to bring their nuclide cards for the next lesson on half‑life.