Lesson Plan

Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Biology
Lesson Topic: explain how rice is adapted to grow with its roots submerged in water, limited to the development of aerenchyma in roots, ethanol fermentation in roots and faster growth of stems
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the formation and function of aerenchyma in rice roots.
  • Explain the biochemical steps and purpose of ethanol fermentation in submerged rice roots.
  • Analyse how gibberellin‑mediated stem elongation enables rice to re‑establish aeration.
  • Integrate the three adaptations into a coherent cause‑effect sequence.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • PowerPoint slides with diagrams
  • Handout showing a cross‑section of a rice root (aerenchyma)
  • Worksheet with adaptation questions
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Sample rice seedling (optional for demonstration)
  • Exit‑ticket cards or clicker system
Introduction:

Imagine a rice field flooded overnight—how do the plants survive without oxygen? Students will recall the basics of aerobic respiration and recognise the challenge of anaerobic conditions. Success criteria: by the end of the lesson they will be able to describe three key adaptations and link them to rice survival.

Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Quick quiz on aerobic vs. anaerobic respiration.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Development and function of aerenchyma; show diagram.
  3. Interactive labeling activity (10'): Students label aerenchyma air spaces on handouts.
  4. Guided practice (10'): Work through the ethanol fermentation equation and ATP yield.
  5. Video/animation (5'): Hormonal control (gibberellins) of rapid stem elongation.
  6. Group task (10'): Build a cause‑effect chain linking submergence → ethylene → aerenchyma & fermentation → limited ATP → GA increase → stem growth.
  7. Exit ticket (5'): One‑sentence summary of how the three adaptations interact.
Conclusion:

We recap the three adaptations and how they collectively enable rice to survive flooding. Students submit an exit ticket summarising the cause‑effect chain, and for homework they complete a worksheet comparing rice to other flood‑tolerant crops.