| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Biology |
| Lesson Topic: explain how rice is adapted to grow with its roots submerged in water, limited to the development of aerenchyma in roots, ethanol fermentation in roots and faster growth of stems |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe the formation and function of aerenchyma in rice roots.
- Explain the biochemical steps and purpose of ethanol fermentation in submerged rice roots.
- Analyse how gibberellin‑mediated stem elongation enables rice to re‑establish aeration.
- Integrate the three adaptations into a coherent cause‑effect sequence.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen
- PowerPoint slides with diagrams
- Handout showing a cross‑section of a rice root (aerenchyma)
- Worksheet with adaptation questions
- Whiteboard and markers
- Sample rice seedling (optional for demonstration)
- Exit‑ticket cards or clicker system
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Introduction:
Imagine a rice field flooded overnight—how do the plants survive without oxygen? Students will recall the basics of aerobic respiration and recognise the challenge of anaerobic conditions. Success criteria: by the end of the lesson they will be able to describe three key adaptations and link them to rice survival.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑now (5'): Quick quiz on aerobic vs. anaerobic respiration.
- Mini‑lecture (10'): Development and function of aerenchyma; show diagram.
- Interactive labeling activity (10'): Students label aerenchyma air spaces on handouts.
- Guided practice (10'): Work through the ethanol fermentation equation and ATP yield.
- Video/animation (5'): Hormonal control (gibberellins) of rapid stem elongation.
- Group task (10'): Build a cause‑effect chain linking submergence → ethylene → aerenchyma & fermentation → limited ATP → GA increase → stem growth.
- Exit ticket (5'): One‑sentence summary of how the three adaptations interact.
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Conclusion:
We recap the three adaptations and how they collectively enable rice to survive flooding. Students submit an exit ticket summarising the cause‑effect chain, and for homework they complete a worksheet comparing rice to other flood‑tolerant crops.
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