| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Biology |
| Lesson Topic: explain the principles of operation of test strips and biosensors for measuring the concentration of glucose in blood and urine, with reference to glucose oxidase and peroxidase enzymes |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe the enzymatic reactions of glucose oxidase and peroxidase in glucose test strips and biosensors.
- Explain how colour change and amperometric current are generated and related to glucose concentration.
- Compare the advantages, limitations, and typical applications of urine test strips versus blood glucose biosensors.
- Interpret sample results using colour charts and digital read‑outs to assess homeostatic status.
- Evaluate the role of mediators and third‑generation sensors in improving specificity.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen for slide presentation
- Printed handouts summarizing reactions and comparison table
- Sample urine glucose test strips and demonstration biosensor strips
- Digital glucose meter (hand‑held) for live demo
- Whiteboard and markers
- Worksheets with scenario questions
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Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: “Who has ever used a glucose test strip or a blood glucose meter?” Connect to prior learning on enzyme catalysis and homeostasis, and outline that by the end of the lesson students will be able to describe how these devices translate enzymatic reactions into measurable signals.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑now (5’) – Short quiz on enzyme catalysis and redox reactions.
- Mini‑lecture (10’) – Overview of glucose oxidase and peroxidase mechanisms with reaction equations.
- Demonstration (10’) – Show urine test strip colour change and blood biosensor read‑out; students record observations.
- Guided activity (15’) – In pairs, complete a comparison chart and answer application questions using the handouts.
- Check for understanding (5’) – Whole‑class clicker questions comparing advantages and limitations.
- Extension (5’) – Discuss third‑generation sensors and mediator role; optional short video clip.
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Conclusion:
Summarise that glucose oxidase initiates the detection process, peroxidase creates a visual signal in strips, and mediators enable electronic read‑outs in biosensors. Ask students to write one key difference on an exit ticket. Assign homework to research a real‑world application of glucose monitoring in diabetes management.
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