Lesson Plan

• Describe data integrity and why validation is essential for reliable systems.
• Identify syntactic, semantic, and redundancy validation techniques and their purposes.
• Apply a series of validation checks in pseudo‑code to verify a student record.
• Compare parity, checksum, CRC and hash methods and choose an appropriate technique for a given scenario.

• Projector and screen
• Whiteboard and markers
• Printed handout with validation examples and pseudo‑code
• Computers with an IDE or code editor
• Sample data sets (student records)
• Slides illustrating parity, checksum, CRC and hash concepts

Begin with a quick poll: “What everyday mistakes have you seen when entering data online?” Connect these errors to the need for robust validation. Review prior knowledge of input forms and error messages. State that by the end of the lesson students will be able to design and implement effective validation checks.

1. Do‑Now (5'): Students answer a short quiz on common data errors.
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Explain data integrity, stages of validation, and differentiate syntactic, semantic, and redundancy methods.
3. Demonstration (15'): Show parity bit, checksum and CRC calculations using the projector; discuss hash functions.
4. Guided Practice (20'): In pairs, students complete the provided pseudo‑code to validate a student record, adding missing checks.
5. Check for Understanding (5'): Exit‑ticket – write one real‑world scenario and the most suitable validation technique.

Recap the three validation layers and the strengths of each redundancy method. Collect exit‑tickets to gauge understanding and assign homework: students must design a validation routine for a simple e‑commerce order form, justifying their choice of techniques.