Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 18/01/2026
Subject: Accounting
Lesson Topic: prepare income statements and statements of financial position from incomplete records
Learning Objective/s:
  • Identify sources of incomplete records and correctly classify each transaction.
  • Construct a trial balance from limited data and make necessary adjusting entries.
  • Prepare an income statement and a statement of financial position using the adjusted trial balance.
  • Validate the reconstructed statements by applying the accounting equation.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen for slide presentation.
  • Printed worksheets containing incomplete record data.
  • Calculators for each student.
  • Trial‑balance and statement templates (handouts).
  • Whiteboard and markers.
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick question: “What would you do if the ledger is missing?” Review that students already know the accounting equation and the purpose of income statements. Explain that today they will reconstruct financial statements from limited information, and success will be measured by producing a balanced trial balance and accurate statements.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – Students list possible sources of information in incomplete records.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10’) – Explain key principles, classification process, and show the source‑document table.
  3. Guided practice (15’) – In pairs, students gather the provided documents, classify transactions, and fill a draft trial balance.
  4. Whole‑class check (10’) – Review the trial balance, identify any imbalances, and discuss necessary adjustments (depreciation, accruals, inventory).
  5. Independent task (15’) – Students prepare an income statement and a statement of financial position from the adjusted trial balance.
  6. Exit ticket (5’) – Each student writes one tip for checking the accuracy of reconstructed statements.
Conclusion:
Recap the steps from gathering data to producing the final statements, emphasizing the role of the accounting equation in verification. Collect exit tickets for immediate feedback and assign homework to complete a similar set of incomplete records independently.