Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Biology
Lesson Topic: Describe the structure and functions of arteries, veins and capillaries.
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the three tunics of arteries and their specific functions.
  • Explain structural differences between arteries, veins, and capillaries and how these relate to their roles in circulation.
  • Identify how blood pressure and valve presence affect blood flow in each vessel type.
  • Compare the functions of arteries, veins, and capillaries in transport and exchange of substances.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen for diagrams
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed handouts of vessel cross‑section diagrams
  • Model of the circulatory system (optional)
  • Worksheets with comparison tables
  • Interactive quiz platform (e.g., Kahoot)
 Introduction:
Begin with a short video clip showing blood flowing through the body to capture interest. Ask students what they already know about the different blood vessels and how they think structure influences function. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to describe and compare arteries, veins and capillaries and state their specific roles in circulation.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students label a blank diagram of a blood vessel as “artery”, “vein”, or “capillary”. Quick whole‑class check.
  2. Teacher input (10'): Present slides on artery structure and function, highlighting the tunica layers and elastic recoil.
  3. Guided practice (10'): In small groups, examine printed cross‑section diagrams of arteries, veins, and capillaries; record key structural features on a worksheet.
  4. Interactive activity (10'): Whole‑class comparison using the provided table; students fill missing entries and discuss why differences matter.
  5. Demonstration (5'): Show an animation of blood flow and valve action in veins.
  6. Formative check (5'): Kahoot quiz with five questions on structure‑function relationships.
  7. Summary discussion (5'): Review the main points and answer any lingering questions.
Conclusion:
Recap the main structural traits of arteries, veins and capillaries and how they support their specific functions. Students complete an exit ticket by writing one example of how each vessel type contributes to overall circulation. For homework, they will create a labelled poster of the three vessel types to bring to the next lesson.