Lesson Plan

Resources → Subject Notes → Biology → Notes
Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Biology
Lesson Topic: describe the functions of ciliated epithelial cells, goblet cells and mucous glands in maintaining the health of the gas exchange system
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the functions of ciliated epithelial cells, goblet cells and mucous glands in the respiratory tract.
  • Explain how the mucociliary clearance system protects the gas‑exchange surfaces.
  • Analyse the relationship between mucus viscosity, ciliary motion and effective particle removal.
  • Evaluate the impact of impaired mucociliary function on respiratory health.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector or interactive whiteboard
  • PowerPoint slides with airway diagrams
  • Printed worksheet with comparison table
  • Microscopic images of ciliated and goblet cells
  • Sticky notes for quick checks
  • Markers and flip chart
 Introduction:
Begin with a short video showing dust being cleared from a model airway, prompting students to consider how our lungs stay clean. Ask learners to recall what they know about the lining of the trachea and the role of mucus. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to describe the coordinated actions of ciliated cells, goblet cells and submucosal glands.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5’) – Students label a diagram of a bronchiole with ciliated cells, goblet cells and glands.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10’) – Present key functions using slides and annotate the summary table.
  3. Guided inquiry (12’) – In pairs, students examine microscope images and complete a worksheet comparing each cell type.
  4. Demonstration (8’) – Teacher models the mucociliary escalator with an animation; discuss mucus viscosity.
  5. Check for understanding (5’) – Quick quiz via Kahoot or exit‑ticket questions.
  6. Summary discussion (5’) – Class synthesises how the three components work together and links to disease states.
Conclusion:
Recap the three cellular components and their integrated role in keeping the airways clear. Students complete an exit ticket describing one way a dysfunction could compromise gas exchange. Assign a short homework: research a respiratory condition (e.g., cystic fibrosis) and explain how it disrupts mucociliary clearance.