| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Physics |
| Lesson Topic: describe the composition, mass and charge of α-, β- and γ-radiations (both β– (electrons) and β+ (positrons) are included) |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe the composition, mass and charge of α, β⁻, β⁺ and γ radiation.
- Compare the penetrating abilities and typical shielding for each radiation type.
- Explain the nuclear decay processes that produce each radiation.
- Identify common misconceptions about radiation safety.
- Apply charge‑conservation and mass‑energy concepts to simple decay examples.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen for slides/diagrams
- Whiteboard and markers
- Handout with summary table of radiation properties
- Shielding samples (paper, aluminium foil, lead sheet) for demonstration
- Clicker or online quiz platform for formative checks
- Worksheets for group activity
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Introduction:
Begin with a striking image of a cloud‑chamber showing distinct tracks of different radiations to spark curiosity. Review students’ prior knowledge of atomic structure and the concept of nuclear decay. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to accurately describe the composition, mass and charge of α, β⁻, β⁺ and γ radiation and explain their shielding requirements.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑Now (5’) – Quick quiz on types of radiation from the previous lesson; teacher reviews answers.
- Mini‑lecture (10’) – Present the composition, mass and charge of each radiation using the summary table and diagrams.
- Demonstration (8’) – Show shielding materials; students predict which will stop each radiation and view a video simulation.
- Guided practice (12’) – Small groups complete a worksheet matching decay equations to radiation types and calculate charge balance.
- Concept check (5’) – Clicker questions to address misconceptions (e.g., danger of α particles, nature of γ rays).
- Summary discussion (5’) – Highlight key differences and real‑world applications such as medical imaging and radiation safety.
- Exit ticket (5’) – Students write one sentence summarising each radiation’s key property.
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Conclusion:
Recap the four radiation types, emphasizing their distinct masses, charges and shielding needs. Use the exit‑ticket responses to confirm understanding and clear any lingering misconceptions. Assign homework: a short problem set calculating the energy released in α and β decays. Remind students to review safety guidelines for handling radioactive sources.
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