Lesson Plan

Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 25/02/2026
Subject: Physics
Lesson Topic: Recall and use a simple electron model to explain the difference between electrical conductors and insulators and give typical examples
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the simple electron model and how it accounts for electric current.
  • Explain why electrons move freely in conductors but remain bound in insulators.
  • Identify common examples of conductors and insulators and compare their key properties.
  • Apply the model to predict material behaviour when a potential difference is applied.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Printed handout with comparison table
  • Sample materials: copper wire, rubber strip, graphite rod, salt water in beaker
  • Worksheet for guided practice
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Laptop with simple circuit simulation (optional)
Introduction:

Begin with a quick demonstration: touch a metal doorknob and a rubber handle after rubbing a balloon. Ask students what they notice about the sensation. Recall previous lessons on atoms, electrons and charge. State that by the end of the lesson they will be able to use a simple electron model to explain why some materials conduct electricity while others do not.

Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students list everyday items they think are conductors or insulators on a sticky note.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Review electron model and introduce the distinction between free and bound electrons, using the projected diagram.
  3. Hands‑on investigation (15'): Groups test conductivity of the sample materials with a simple circuit (battery, bulb, wires) and record observations.
  4. Guided analysis (10'): Compare results to the model; fill in a comparison table (electron mobility, resistance, examples).
  5. Concept check (5'): Quick quiz (multiple‑choice) via show of hands to confirm understanding.
  6. Application task (10'): Students answer a short exam‑style question using the electron model.
  7. Wrap‑up (5'): Teacher summarises key points; students note any remaining questions.
Conclusion:

Recap the electron model and its role in distinguishing conductors from insulators, highlighting the real‑world examples examined. Ask each student to write one exit‑ticket sentence explaining why a metal wire conducts but a rubber rod does not. Assign homework: complete a worksheet that asks them to classify additional materials and justify their choices using the model.