Lesson Plan

• Describe the structure of a virus, focusing on the protein capsid and its genetic material.
• Explain how the type of nucleic acid determines virus classification.
• Compare viruses to cells regarding the presence of organelles.
• Identify why viruses require a host cell to replicate.
• Illustrate the shape variations of viral capsids (icosahedral, helical, complex).

• Projector and screen
• PowerPoint slides with virus diagrams
• Printed worksheet with labeling activity
• Whiteboard and markers
• Digital electron‑microscope images of viruses
• Sticky notes for quick recall

Begin with a short video clip showing how viruses cause common illnesses, sparking curiosity about their invisible nature. Ask students to recall what they know about cells and how they differ from non‑cellular entities. Explain that by the end of the lesson they will be able to list and describe the two main components of a virus.

1. Do‑now (5'): Students write on sticky notes three differences they know between cells and viruses.
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Present the protein capsid and genetic material using slides and a simple diagram.
3. Interactive diagram labeling (10'): Learners label a printed virus diagram with capsid and nucleic‑acid sections.
4. Classification activity (10'): In groups, students sort cards of viruses into DNA‑type or RNA‑type categories.
5. Think‑pair‑share (5'): Discuss why viruses must infect a host cell to replicate.
6. Quick check (5'): Exit ticket – write one key feature of viruses and why it matters.

Review the protein coat and genetic material as the only structural features of viruses and reiterate their reliance on host cells. Collect exit tickets to gauge understanding, and assign a brief homework: research a specific virus and note its capsid shape and nucleic‑acid type.