Lesson Plan

• Describe the purpose of process management within an operating system.
• Explain the life‑cycle states of a process and how context switching occurs.
• Compare at least two CPU scheduling algorithms and their impact on performance metrics.
• Apply a simple scheduling simulation (e.g., Round Robin) to calculate waiting and turnaround times.

• Projector and screen
• Whiteboard and markers
• Printed handouts of the process state diagram
• Laptops with a simple IDE or command‑line environment
• Sample code demonstrating context switches
• Worksheet with scheduling problems

Begin by asking students how many applications they think run simultaneously on their smartphones to spark curiosity. Review their prior knowledge of operating system basics and the role of the OS as a resource manager. Explain that today they will identify process states, explore scheduling strategies, and demonstrate how these concepts affect system performance. Success will be measured by their ability to label states, compare algorithms, and solve simple scheduling calculations.

1. Do‑Now (5') – Quick quiz on OS purposes displayed on the board; students write answers on sticky notes.
2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Introduce process management, process states, and context switching using the handout diagram.
3. Guided demonstration (10') – Live demo on laptops showing a Round Robin scheduler and a context switch in action.
4. Group activity (15') – Students complete a worksheet: map a given scenario onto process states and calculate waiting, turnaround, and response times for FCFS and Round Robin.
5. Class discussion (5') – Groups share results; compare performance metrics of the two algorithms.
6. Exit ticket (5') – Each student writes one key difference between FCFS and Round Robin and hands it in.

Recap the main ideas: the OS’s role in managing processes, the life‑cycle states, and how scheduling algorithms influence efficiency. Collect exit tickets to gauge immediate understanding, and assign homework to read the next textbook section and prepare a short report on a real‑world OS scheduler (e.g., Linux CFS or Windows Round Robin).