Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Economics
Lesson Topic: income distribution: calculation of Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve analysis
Learning Objective/s:
  • Explain how the Lorenz curve illustrates income distribution.
  • Calculate the Gini coefficient from tabular data and from a Lorenz curve.
  • Interpret Gini values for low‑, middle‑ and high‑income countries.
  • Relate income inequality to other development indicators such as HDI and structural transformation.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Printed worksheets with income data tables
  • Graph paper or digital graphing tool
  • Calculator or spreadsheet software
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Handout of comparative country Gini table
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: “What does a perfectly equal society look like?” Connect to prior knowledge of the 45° line and ask students to recall its meaning. Outline the success criteria: students will draw a Lorenz curve, compute the Gini coefficient, and explain its implications for development.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5'): Students answer a short question on the 45° line and share ideas.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Explain the Lorenz curve and Gini formula with visual examples.
  3. Guided practice (15'): Walk through the step‑by‑step calculation using the five‑group table.
  4. Independent activity (20'): Pairs construct a Lorenz curve and compute the Gini for a new dataset.
  5. Comparative analysis (10'): Groups compare their Gini results with the country table and discuss development links.
  6. Check for understanding (5'): Exit ticket – write one implication of a high Gini value.
Conclusion:
Summarise how the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient quantify inequality and why they matter for development analysis. Collect exit tickets and remind students to complete the homework worksheet that asks them to interpret a real‑world Gini figure. Preview the next lesson on policy measures to reduce inequality.