Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Biology
Lesson Topic: explain how cholera, malaria, TB and HIV are transmitted
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe the primary transmission routes for cholera, malaria, tuberculosis and HIV.
  • Compare the environmental and behavioural risk factors associated with each disease.
  • Explain how control measures target specific transmission pathways.
  • Analyse case scenarios to identify the likely mode of transmission.
  • Evaluate the impact of sanitation, vector control, ventilation and safe‑sex practices on disease prevention.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen for slides
  • Printed handouts with summary table
  • Diagram of Plasmodium life cycle
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Sticky notes for group activity
  • Exit‑ticket cards
 Introduction:
Begin with a quick poll: Which infectious disease do you think spreads most easily and why? Recall previous lessons on pathogens and routes of transmission. Today we will identify how cholera, malaria, TB and HIV are transmitted and set success criteria to match each disease with its correct route.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑now (5') – Students match disease names to transmission routes on a worksheet.
  2. Mini‑lecture (10') – Overview of each disease’s transmission using slides and diagrams.
  3. Group activity (15') – Teams analyse short case scenarios, determine the transmission route, and present findings.
  4. Interactive quiz (10') – Kahoot/Quizizz to reinforce key points with immediate feedback.
  5. Consolidation (5') – Teacher summarises control measures linked to each route.
  6. Exit ticket (5') – Students write one transmission route and one prevention strategy for a disease of their choice.
Conclusion:
Summarise the distinct transmission pathways and why targeted interventions are essential. Students complete an exit ticket to retrieve key information. For homework, assign a short research task on a recent outbreak and its control measures.