Lesson Plan

• Describe the meaning of points on, inside and outside a Production Possibility Curve (PPC).
• Explain the economic implications of outward and inward shifts of the PPC.
• Calculate the opportunity cost between two production points using the ΔY/ΔX formula.
• Analyse how changes in resources or technology affect the shape and position of the PPC.

• Projector and screen
• Printed PPC diagram handouts (blank and labelled versions)
• Worksheet with sample questions
• Calculators
• Whiteboard and markers
• Student laptops or tablets (optional)

Begin with a quick discussion on scarcity and why economies must choose how to use limited resources. Recall the basic shape and purpose of the PPC from the previous lesson. State that today students will be able to interpret any point on the curve and explain what shifts in the curve mean for an economy.

1. Do‑now (5'): Students label points A‑E on a blank PPC diagram and note one observation.
2. Mini‑lecture (10'): Review key concepts and explain the significance of each point (A‑E) using a projected diagram.
3. Guided practice (12'): In pairs, students answer sample questions 1 and 2, then share explanations.
4. Calculation activity (10'): Students compute the opportunity cost for the given P₁ → P₂ scenario, checking work with a calculator.
5. Whole‑class discussion (8'): Discuss how technological improvements or resource changes shift the PPC, linking to real‑world examples.
6. Exit ticket (5'): Each student writes one implication of a point inside the curve and one implication of an outward shift.

Summarise that the location of a production point reveals efficiency, waste or unattainability, while shifts indicate growth or contraction. Collect exit tickets to gauge understanding, and assign a homework worksheet that requires students to draw and interpret their own PPC scenarios.