Lesson Plan

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Lesson Plan
Grade: Date: 17/01/2026
Subject: Economics
Lesson Topic: How price changes are caused by changes in demand and supply
Learning Objective/s:
  • Describe how a shift in demand changes equilibrium price and quantity.
  • Explain how a shift in supply changes equilibrium price and quantity.
  • Analyze the combined effect of simultaneous demand and supply shifts.
  • Apply the demand‑supply model to real‑world examples such as coffee and wheat markets.
  • Use the equilibrium formula to predict the direction of price change after a shift.
Materials Needed:
  • Projector and screen
  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Printed worksheets with shift tables and graph paper
  • Calculators
  • Sample news articles (e.g., coffee demand rise, wheat supply drop)
  • Student laptops or tablets (optional for digital graphing)
 Introduction:

Begin with a quick poll: “If a new study says coffee improves concentration, what happens to coffee prices?” Connect this to students’ prior knowledge of demand and supply curves. Explain that today they will learn how such shifts move market prices and quantities, and they will be able to predict these changes in everyday news.
Lesson Structure:
  1. Do‑Now (5'): Short quiz on distinguishing a shift from a movement along a curve.
  2. Mini‑lecture – Demand Shift (10'): Explain right‑hand and left‑hand demand shifts, show table, discuss price/quantity effects.
  3. Graph Activity (15'): Students plot a demand increase on graph paper and identify new equilibrium.
  4. Mini‑lecture – Supply Shift (10'): Mirror the demand portion for supply, illustrate effects.
  5. Paired Case Study (10'): Analyse a real‑world scenario where both demand and supply change (e.g., coffee demand up & supply down).
  6. Guided Practice (10'): Worksheet where learners fill in tables and calculate new equilibrium using the formula.
  7. Exit Ticket (5'): One‑sentence prediction of price change for a given news headline.
Conclusion:

Summarise how shifts in demand and supply move the equilibrium price and quantity, emphasizing the role of shortages and surpluses. Collect exit tickets to check understanding, and assign homework: find a recent news article that illustrates a demand or supply shift and write a brief explanation of the expected price impact.