| Lesson Plan |
| Grade: |
Date: 25/02/2026 |
| Subject: Physics |
| Lesson Topic: Know that there are many solids that conduct thermal energy better than thermal insulators but do so less well than good thermal conductors |
Learning Objective/s:
- Describe the mechanism of thermal conduction in solids.
- Compare the thermal conductivity of good conductors, moderate conductors, and insulators.
- Apply Fourier’s law to calculate heat transfer through a uniform slab.
- Explain why non‑metallic solids act as moderate conductors.
- Evaluate real‑world situations to choose appropriate materials based on conductivity.
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Materials Needed:
- Projector and screen
- Printed worksheet with comparative table and practice questions
- Sample material pieces or images (copper, aluminium, glass, wood)
- Thermometer or infrared sensor for a brief demo (optional)
- Calculator
- Whiteboard and markers
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Introduction:
Begin with a quick demonstration: hold a metal spoon and a wooden spoon in hot water and ask which feels hotter. Recall that all solids transfer heat, but the rate varies. Today’s success criteria are that students will explain why some solids conduct heat better than insulators yet not as well as metals, and use the relevant formula to predict heat flow.
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Lesson Structure:
- Do‑now (5'): Students answer a short question on the spoon demo in their notebooks.
- Mini‑lecture (10'): Explain thermal conduction, the role of kinetic energy transfer, and introduce Fourier’s law with examples.
- Guided practice (12'): Work through a calculation comparing a copper rod and a glass rod, determining heat‑transfer rates and the factor difference.
- Interactive activity (10'): Small groups classify sample materials (or images) as good, moderate, or insulators, justifying choices using thermal‑conductivity values.
- Real‑world application discussion (8'): Discuss cooking utensils, building walls, and heat sinks, deciding which material type is appropriate.
- Check for understanding (5'): Quick quiz using the three “Check Your Understanding” questions from the source.
- Summary & exit ticket (5'): Students write one key takeaway and a lingering question; teacher collects for review.
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Conclusion:
Summarise that all solids conduct heat, with metals being the most efficient due to free electrons, while many non‑metallic solids are moderate conductors. Students complete an exit ticket stating one example of a moderate conductor and why it is chosen in that context. For homework, assign a worksheet to calculate heat flow through different materials and reflect on material selection in everyday objects.
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